[DIYbio] Are DNA vaccines the future?

Hi everyone!

I came across DNA vaccination studies and this quite confuses me. There are no DNA vaccines approved as of yet (for humans).

A) If you inject DNA, isn't there a chance that this induces anti-dsDNA antibodies? Most studies say no, some say it may be possible (if you are a lupus prone mouse).

B) This might be explained by this - before immune cells are released into action, they have to mature in the thymus. There the body disposes of autoreactive cells. But there won't be much DNA floating outside so it may not clear all anti-dsDNA reactive antibodies?

C) Injecting complexed DNA is safer because it is being shielded from immune cells?

D) vaccines have adjuvants, one of them is synthetic CpG oligonucleotide. If one was afriad of getting lupus from injecting anti-dsDNA antibodies, one would have to avoid vaccines in general?

E) One study for malaria DNA vaccine tested for dsDNA antibodies and just one guy tested positive. But then they retested his old blood sample and he help being positive even before the vaccine. Also HIV DNA vaccine didn't show anti dsDNA antibodies.

Would love to hear your thoughts!

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